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Dom Manoel (Sultan Hasan IX), Dom Philippe, and the Coir Tribute: Portuguese-Maldivian Relations and the Appeal to the King of Spain
A historical map shows maritime routes between the Maldivian Archipelago and Sumatra, highlighting Portuguese-Maldivian relations during the reigns of Dom Manoel and Dom Philippe, symbolizing the Coir Tribute and diplomatic outreach to the King of Spain. In the early modern Indian Ocean world, the Maldives occupied a strategic niche defined less by territorial conquest than by the production of coir,the fibrous husk of the coconut, spun into rope essential for the rigging and
Ibrahim Rasheed
13 minutes ago5 min read


François Pyrard de Laval: Bridging the Maldives and Maritime Southeast Asia in Early 17th-Century European Accounts
Illustrative map of François Pyrard de Laval's 1602 shipwreck, highlighting his impact in the Maldives and the maritime routes linking Sumatra, Java, and Europe in the early 17th century. The early 17th century was a transformative epoch of maritime expansion, marked by intense European mercantile competition across the Indian Ocean basin. Amidst the wealth of travel literature produced during this period, the writings of the French navigator François Pyrard de Laval (c. 1578
Ibrahim Rasheed
10 hours ago3 min read


François Pyrard of Laval’s Observations of Flying Fish and the Celestial Guides of the Open Sea
Sailing through a breathtaking scene, Francois Pyrard and his crew encounter a mesmerizing display of flying fish and seabirds against the backdrop of the open sea, capturing the essence of exploration and natural wonder during their East Indies voyage to the Maldives. In the year 1601, as the French ships Corbin and Croissant pressed southward from Saint-Malo toward the East Indies, François Pyrard of Laval found himself amid the vast, uncertain expanse of the Atlantic under
Ibrahim Rasheed
2 days ago2 min read


The Maldivian Presence in Pemba, Mkumbuu, and the Swahili Coast (Lamu Island): The Wadiba Invasion and Shared Shadows of the Fifteenth Century
Depicting the historical Maldivian influence along the Swahili Coast, with the Ras Mkumbuu mosque and Pujini fortified residence showcased alongside illustrations of Lamu Island architecture. The monsoon-driven maritime networks of the western Indian Ocean have long connected disparate coastal cultures, but few chapters are as evocative,or as intertwined with local oral tradition,as the fifteenth-century interactions between the Maldives and the East African Swahili Coast. Pr
Ibrahim Rasheed
2 days ago4 min read


Barques des Maldives: Drift Voyages, Colonial Archives, and Trans-Oceanic Contacts in the Western Indian Ocean
A traditional Maldivian barque arrives at a bustling port, reminiscent of historical trade routes linking the Maldives with the Isle de France (Mauritius) and Mahé (Seychelles), capturing a vibrant scene of cultural exchange and maritime commerce. In French colonial administrative logs and naval registers from the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the designation barques des Maldives,along with occasional variants such as doni des Maldives,appears with recurring regu
Ibrahim Rasheed
3 days ago3 min read


Purchase, Not Production: The VOC, Ceylon, and the Maldivian Cowrie Trade
Dutch ports, Maldivian shells: how the fall of Galle, Colombo and Jaffna rerouted the cowrie trade without moving its fishery. The Dutch East India Company’s conquest of the Portuguese coastal forts in Ceylon changed the geography of purchase in the Maldivian cowrie trade, not the geography of production. The money cowrie, Monetaria moneta (then Cypraea moneta), continued to be gathered in the central atolls of the Maldives, packed under a royal staple, and exchanged above al
Ibrahim Rasheed
4 days ago6 min read


The Invisible Ridge: Colonial Erasure, Maritime Fluidity, and the Indigenous Reality of the Chagos Archipelago
Illustrated map of the Divi-Foalhavahi submarine ridge, highlighting historical and cultural elements of the Maldives, Chagos, and Diego Garcia regions. It features Afro-Asian and Maldivian maritime activities, fishing camps, and indigenous gatherings. The map emphasizes the erosion of this oceanic highway and the significance of the Afro-Asan peoples. The geography of the Indian Ocean, as understood today through modern atlas boundaries and sovereign borders, is largely an a
Ibrahim Rasheed
5 days ago4 min read


The Monsoon and the Working Sea: How Voyagers, Atolls, and Ancestors Shaped the Western Indian Ocean
A traditional Maldivian sailing dhoni navigates the stormy seas, with its crew busily managing under a dramatic, cloudy sky. Long before the first European merchant ships put in at the harbors of the western Indian Ocean, the expanse between Sunda and Sofala was already a worked sea. It was not a void waiting to be mapped by imperial trade routes, but a living maritime highway powered by the seasonal rhythm of the monsoons. Pushed by the northeast winds of winter and pulled b
Ibrahim Rasheed
7 days ago2 min read


Thilafushi:By the Late 1990s,11.1 hectares. Leased and a Million-Dollar Return
Aerial view of Thilafushi, the artificial island in the Maldives known as "Trash Island," serving as a key waste management and industrial hub, showcasing a mix of industrial facilities and vibrant marine surroundings. Thilafushi began as a lagoon, not an island. Known as Thilafalhu, it stretched roughly seven kilometers in length and narrowed to about two hundred meters at its shallowest points-a strip of reef flat and shallow water west of Malé, lying between Giraavaru and
Ibrahim Rasheed
Oct 53 min read


From Lacquer to a Southern-to-Northern Chain: Thulhaadhoo’s Rashu Aasaaru Museum and the First Thirty Heritage Islands
The "Rahvehi Tharaggee" Investment Forum brochure is displayed against a stunning backdrop of marine life and dynamic architecture during the Maldivian Democratic Party's 5th National Congress in October 2026. The “Rahvehi Tharaggee” Investment Forum, held during the Maldivian Democratic Party’s 5th National Congress in early October 2026, set out to turn council-prepared schemes into opportunities for private and blended finance outside the capital. Councils from 32 islands
Ibrahim Rasheed
Oct 43 min read


Forty-One Hectares
Aerial view of Maafushi Island, showcasing its pristine beaches, vibrant greenery, and the crystal-clear turquoise waters of the Indian Ocean. In South Malé Atoll the argument is not a theory. It is an island you can walk. Statistics Maldives records Maafushi at 41.12 hectares, with 4,471 residents on census night in 2022. The length is a little more than a kilometre; the width, at its mean, is a few hundred metres. You do not need a map to understand the claim. You need only
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 303 min read


ދަނޑިފުޅު ދޫނި ވާހަކަ، މަލިކަންދޫން ފޯޅަވައްސަށް
ރަށެއްގެ މަތީ އުދުހޭ އަދި ގަސްގަހުގައި ހާލިދައިގެން ދިރިއުޅެމުންދާ ދަނޑިފުޅު ދޫނިތަކެއްގެ މަންޒަރެއް ކަނޑުމަތީގެ ރީތި ދޫނިތަކުގެ ތެރޭގައި ހިމެނޭ ދަނޑިފުޅު ދޫނި (White-tailed Tropicbird / Phaethon lepturus) އަކީ އިންޑިއާ ކަނޑުގެ ގުދުރަތީ އުސޫލުތަކާ އެއްގޮތަށް އުޅޭ ދޫންޏެކެވެ. ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގައި މިއަށް ކިޔަނީ "ދަނޑިފުޅު ދޫނި" އެވެ. އެހެން ހިސާބުތަކުގެ މީހުން މިއަށް "ބޯސަން ބާޑް" ނުވަތަ "ޕޭ-އޮން-ކޭ" އޭވެސް ކިޔައެވެ. މި ދޫނީގެ އިންޑިއާ ކަނޑުގެ ދިރިއުޅުމުގެ ހަޔާތަކީ އެންމެ ރަށެއްގެ
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 295 min read


ކުރަނގި: ފޯޅަވަހީން ބޮޑުތިލަދުންމައްޗަށް
Lesser Noddy (Kurangi) seabirds gather on a pristine sandy beach, with several soaring gracefully over the turquoise waters, while a lush palm-covered island shimmers in the background under a clear blue sky. ކުރަނގި (އިނގިރޭސިބަހުން: Anous tenuirostris، ނުވަތަ ލެސަރ ނޮޑީ) އަކީ ދިވެހިރާއްޖެއާއި ޗާގޯސް ޖަޒީރާ (ބްރިޓިޝް އިންޑިއަން އޯޝަން ޓެރިޓަރީ) އާ ދެމެދު ގުޅުން ބަދަހިކޮށްދޭ، ހުޅަނގު އިންޑިއާ ކަނޑުގެ ބޮޑު އާބާދީއެއްގެ ފުރިހަމަކޮށްދޭ ބައެއްގެ ގޮތުގައި ފާހަގަކުރެވޭ، ހޫނު ސަރަހަ
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 284 min read


ފޯޅަވަހި އަތޮޅުތައް ފަދަ ޓްރޮޕިކަލް (ހޫނުގަދަ) އަތޮޅުތަކުން ފާހަގަކުރެވޭ ދެ ބާވަތެއްގެ ތަފާތު ހާދިސާ.
A waterspout dramatically twists over the ocean near a lush tropical island, with a small boat and a couple of people observing the natural spectacle. ނަގޫރޯޅިއެއް ދުރުން ސިފަވުމުން ވިލާތަކުން ދިގު އެއްޗެއް ނުވަތަ ނަގުލެއް ނުވަތަ ހޮޅިއެއް ފައިބައިފައި އަންނަހެން އެނބުރެމުން އަންނަތަން ފެނެއެވެ. މިއީ ވަރަށް ބާރަށް އެނބުރޭ، ވައިރޯޅި، ނަގޫރޯޅީ ހޮއްޅަވައި ރަށްރަށަށް އަރައިފިނަމަ ގެތަކުގެ ފުރާޅު އެއްލާލައި، ގަސްތައް ވައްޓާލާ ބޮޑެތި ގެއްލުންތައް ވެއެވެ. ނަގޫރޯޅީގެ ސަބަބުން އުފެދ
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 272 min read


ރުކުގައި ތައްޖެހުމުގެ އުސޫލުތައް
ބަންޑާރަ 3 ތައްޖަހާފައިވާ ރުކެއް ތައްޖަހަނީ ތައްކަށީންނެވެ. ތައްކަށްޓަކީ ދިގުހުރަހުގައި ގާތްނގަޑަކަށް 2 އިންޗި ހުންނަވަރުގެ ދަގަނޑު ހޮޅިބުރިއަކުން ހަދާފައި އޮންނަ އެއްޗެކެވެ. އެއްކޮޅު އޮންނަނީ ތޫނުކޮށްފައެވެ. އަނެއްކޮޅުގައި އޮންނަނީ މުށްގަނޑުގައި މަރުތޭލައަކުން ނުވަތަ މުގުރަކުން ތަޅައިގެންނެވެ. ރުކުގެ ތޮށިފަށްކެނޑި ވަކަރުގަނޑުގައި ޖެހެންދެން ތައްކަށިއެތެރެއަށް ވައްދާލަނީއެވެ. ތައްޖަހަނީ އެކަމަށްޓަކައި ސަރުކާރުން ފޮނުއްވާ ބަޔަކާ އަތޮޅުވެރިންގެ ފަރާތުން ދުރުވާ ބޭކަލަކާ، އެރަށެއ
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 272 min read


Alimathaa, Alimanthey, or Maahiri) was an important early outpost and secondary port in Candu atoll’s coconut plantation system
A tranquil view of Ile Diamant's (Alimanthe') pristine beach at Peros Banhos Atoll in Chagos, showcasing clear turquoise waters, lush palm trees, and a bright, sunlit sky. Photo Stevens | Manta Trust The early Portuguese, Dutch, and French maritime maps consistently record Candu Atoll, a name phonetically rendered from the Dhivehi Kandhoo or Kandu. In modern geography this atoll is known as Peros Banhos in the Chagos Archipelago. The names correspond through a clear linguist
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 264 min read


Feyhendhoo - is the largest island of the Holhidhe Atoll, a small coral ring in the southwestern Foalhavahi
Feyhendhoo's lush greenery and pristine white sand beaches, surrounded by the crystal-clear waters of the Holhidhe Atoll in southwestern Foalhavahi. (1.5 square kilometers) in size Fyhendhoo is the largest island of the Holhidhe Atoll in the Foalhavahi Chagos Archipelago, located in the central Indian Ocean. The atoll is positioned at approximately 6°40′S 71°21′E, less than 10 km south of the southwestern rim of the Fehenaavari. The nearest land, Nurakka Fushi, is less than 3
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 262 min read


The Lost Settlement of Boadhi Gamu
Pristine tropical paradise Foalhavahi with clear turquoise waters gently lapping against a white sandy beach, lined with lush palm trees under a clear blue sky. Boadhi Gamu, is the largest island in Rasdhe Atoll, located in the northern region of the The Chagos Archipelago is one of the nearest atolls to Addu. In Dhivehi the wider archipelago is remembered as Foalhavahi . Traditional Maldivian geographical lists give the island itself the name Boadhi Gamu. For centuries, thi
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 264 min read


Diego Garcia: The Ultimate Strategic Spot for Breadfruit Trees
Breadfruit trees towering in the lush, fertile landscape of Addu Atoll, a symbol of local identity and natural abundance. Photo credit: Equatorial Inn Addu. In the middle 1830s a captain of the East India Company’s Indian Navy stitched the Maldives and Foalhavahi onto the same set of charts. Commander Robert Moresby did not come as a planter or a governor. He came to measure reefs that wrecked ships on the India-to-Cape track. The work began in Maldive Isalands and ended amon
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 255 min read


If Decolonization Is a Principle, Foalhavahi Must Return to the Maldives
Map of the Chagos Archipelago, (Foalhavehi)highlighting key geographical features such as Great Chagos Bank, Pitt Bank, and Diego Garcia, with labels in both English and Dhivehi. Decolonization is supposed to undo the map drawn by the last empire, not launder it. The United Kingdom did not invent the southern islands. France did not invent them. Mauritius did not live on them before Dutch and French settlement of Isle de France. What Europe called the Chagos Archipelago alrea
Ibrahim Rasheed
Sep 257 min read
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